辅导data程序、讲解Python编程、Python语言程序调试 辅导Database|辅导Database
- 首页 >> Python编程 ASSIGNMENT 6
Copyright information and warning: All textual content, videos and code in this assignment are
copyrighted by its creators (the professors in this course). You are forbidden to share any part of this
assignment in private or on internet; doing so will constitute an infringement of copyright and will be
treated as an academic violation and prosecuted as such. If any part of your assignment is found online or
shared with someone else at any time before, during, or after the assignment this will also be treated as an
academic violation.
Read the instructions below carefully. The instructions must be followed. This assignment is worth 7% of your
grade. The assignment is due on Monday 7 of December 8AM. No late assignment will be accepted.
This is an individual assignment. Please review the Plagiarism and Academic Integrity policy presented in
the first class.
In addition to the assignment files specified later, if you used any code that you did not create/write
yourself, your submission will need to contain declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt file. Specifically:
About declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt file:
It needs to be a plane text file and it must contain references to any code you used that you did not write
yourself, including any code you got from a friend, internet, social media/forums (including Stack
Overflow and discord) or any other source or person. The only exclusion from that rule is the following:
all the material on the Brightspace of the course, anything from your textbook, anything from python.org
and python’s help pages. So here is what needs to be written in that file. In every question where you used
code from somebody else, you must write:
1. question number
2. copy-pasted parts of the code that were written by somebody else. That includes the code you
found/were-given that you then slightly modified.
3. whose code it is: name of a person or place on internet/book where you found it.
While you may not get points for that part of the question, you will not be in position of being accused of
plagiarism.
Not including declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt will be taken as you declaring that all the code in the
assignment was written by you. Any student caught in plagiarism will receive zero for the whole
assignment and will be reported to the dean. Finally showing/giving any part of your assignment code to a
friend also constitute plagiarism and the same penalties will apply.
If you have nothing to declare, you do not need to submit the file declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt
The goal of this assignment is to learn and practice Sets, Dictionaries, and Objects.
This assignment has 2 parts, the first concerns Sets and Dictionaries and the second is about Objects.
Put all your documents into a folder called a6.xxxxxx, where you replace xxxxxx in the file name with
your student number, zip the folder and submit it in BRS. The folder should a6_part1_xxxxxx.py,
a6_part2_xxxxxx.py and a6_part2_testing_xxxxxx.txt where you changed xxxxxx to your student
number.
For part 1, I provided you with starter code in file called a6_part1_xxxxxx.py. Begin by replacing xxxxxx
in the file name with your student number. Then open the file. Your solution (code) for the assignment
must go into that file in the clearly indicated spaces.
The file has a part of the main pre-coded for you. It also has some functions completely pre-coded for
you. Your task will me to code the remaining functions. You are not allowed to delete or comment-out
any parts of the provided code. The only exception to that rule is the keyword pass. Some functions have
that keyword. You can remove it once you are done coding that function. You also must follow the
instructions given in comments and implied by docstrings. You are however allowed to add your own
additional (helper) functions. In, fact you must add at least THREE more function. If you are running out
of ideas here are the names of some of the extra functions my solution has: remove_punctuation(words),
process_lines(ls), make_dict(lsw), is_valid(D,query) is_word(word)
I have provided 5 text files to test and debug your code with as explained in the next section.
As always, you can make multiple submissions, but only the last submission before the deadline will be
graded.
As always, each of your programs must run without syntax errors. In particular, when grading your
assignment, TAs will first open your file a6_part1_xxxxxx.py with IDLE and press Run Module. The
same will be done with a6_part2_xxxxxx.py
If pressing Run Module causes any syntax error, the grade for that part becomes zero. Furthermore, for
each function whose code is missing, I have provided below one or more tests to test your functions with.
To obtain a partial mark for these function your solutions may not necessarily give the correct answer on
these tests. But if your function gives any kind of Python error when run on the tests provided, that
function will be marked with zero points. Finally, each function has to be documented with docstrings.
Using global variables inside of functions is not allowed.
1 Part 1: Sets and Dictionaries – 40 points
For this part, you will need to write a program that solves co-existence problem.
What is co-existence problem?
You will write a Python program to solve the co-existence problem. The co-existence problem is stated as
follows. We have a file containing English sentences, one sentence per line. Given a list of query words,
your program should output the line number of lines that have all those words. While there are many
ways to do this, the most efficient way is to use sets and dictionaries. Here is one example. Assume that
the following is the content of the file. Line numbers are included for clarity; the actual file doesn’t have
the line numbers.
1. Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value.
2. Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.
3. The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination.
4. We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
5. Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
6. You can’t blame gravity for falling in love.
7. The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.
(These are attributed to Albert Einstein. )
If we are asked to find all the lines that contain this set of words: {“true”, “knowledge”, “imagination”}
the answer will be line 3 because all three words appeared in line 3. If they appear in more than one line,
your program should report all of them. For example, co-existence of {“the”, “is”} will be lines 3 and 7.
IMPORTANT: You should download a text file version of book War and Piece from here:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/pg4p9snzv60rp5v/WarAndPiece.txt?dl=0
Download it and save it in the same directory as your program. You solution should be instantaneous on
that book, i.e. your program should produce the required dictionary in 1 or 2 seconds on that book and it
should answer questions about any co-existence instantaneously.
Alternatively, you can find the book on Gutenberg project. That is where I downloaded it from. You can
find it here under PlainS Text UTF-8: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2600
Python Implementation:
You need to implement the following functions:
1) open_file()
The open_file function will prompt the user for a file-name, and try to open that file. If the file exists, it
will return the file object; otherwise it will re-prompt until it can successfully open the file. This feature
must be implemented using a while loop, and a try-except clause.
2) read_file(fp) This function has one parameter: a file object (such as the one returned by the open_file()
function).
This function will read the contents of that file line by line, process them and store them in a dictionary.
The dictionary is returned. Consider the following string pre-processing:
1. Make everything lowercase
2. Split the line into words
3. Remove all punctuation, such as “,”, “.”, “!”, etc.
4. Remove apostrophes and hyphens, e.g. transform “can’t” into “cant” and “first-born” into “firstborn”
5. Remove the words that are not all alphabetic characters (do not remove “cant” because you have
transformed it to “cant”, similarly for “firstborn”).
6. Remove the words with less than 2 characters, like “a”
Hint for string pre-processing mentioned above:
To find punctuation for removal you can import the string module and use string.punctuation which has
all the punctuation.
To check for words with only alphabetic characters, use the isalpha() method. Furthermore, after preprocessing,
you add the words into a dictionary with the key being the word and the value is a set of line
numbers where this word has appeared.
For example, after processing the first line, your dictionary should look like:
{'try': {1}, 'not': {1}, 'to': {1}, 'become': {1}, 'man': {1},'of': {1}, 'success': {1}, 'but': {1}, 'rather': {1},
'value': {1}}
This should be repeated for all the lines; the new keys are added to the dictionary, and if a key already
exists, its value is updated. At the end of processing all these 7 lines, the value in the dictionary associated
with key ``the'' will be the set {3, 4, 7}. (Note: the line numbers start from 1.)
3) find_coexistance(D, query) The first parameter is the dictionary returned by read_file; the second one
is a string called query. This query contains zero or more words separated by white space. You need to
split them into a list of words, and find the line numbers for each word. To do that, use the intersection or
union operation on the sets from D (you need to figure out which operation is appropriate). Then convert
the resulting set to a sorted list, and return the sorted list. (Hint: for the first word simply grab the set from
D; for subsequent words you need to use the appropriate set operation: intersection or union.)
4) #main
The main part of the program should call the three functions above. Loop, prompting the user to enter
space-separated words. Use that input to find the co-occurrence and print the results. Continue prompting
for input until ``q'' or ''Q'' is inputted.
Very important considerations:
Every time you want to look up a key in a dictionary, first you need to make sure that the key exists.
Otherwise it will result in an error. So, always use an if statement before looking up a key:
if key in data_dict:
## the key exists in a dictionary, so it is safe to use data_dict[key]
After you completed the program, see how it works for the two files provided: einstein.txt, and
gettysburg.txt
1.1 Testing Part 1
1.2 Testing with einstein.txt file
Enter the name of the file: b.txt
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: grrrr
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: einstein.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: the
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: the is
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: true knowledge imagination
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: bla
Word 'bla' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: can't
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
6
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit:
Word ‘’ not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: ?
Word '' not in the file
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: a
Word 'a' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: nature
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: THE
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: tHe
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: q
More on test runs on file einstein.txt
Enter the name of the file:
(Vida: Instead of a file name PRESS CTRL-C)
Then:
>>> f=open_file()
Enter the name of the file: ah.txt
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: einstein.txt
>>> f
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='einstein.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
>>> d=read_file(f)
>>> d
{'try': {1}, 'not': {1, 3}, 'to': {1}, 'become': {1}, 'man': {1},'of':{1, 3, 5}, 'success': {1}, 'but': {1, 3},
'rather': {1}, 'value': {1}, 'look': {2}, 'deep': {2}, 'into': {2},'nature': {2}, 'and': {2, 7}, 'then': {2},
'you': {2, 6}, 'will': {2}, 'understand': {2}, 'everything': {2},'better': {2}, 'the': {3, 4, 7}, 'true': {3},
'sign': {3}, 'intelligence': {3}, 'is': {3, 7}, 'knowledge': {3},'imagination': {3}, 'we': {4}, 'cannot': {4},
'solve': {4}, 'our': {4}, 'problems': {4}, 'with': {4}, 'same': {4},'thinking': {4}, 'used': {4}, 'when': {4},
'created': {4}, 'them': {4}, 'weakness': {5}, 'attitude': {5},'becomes': {5}, 'character': {5}, 'cant': {6},
'blame': {6}, 'gravity': {6}, 'for': {6}, 'falling': {6}, 'in': {6},'love': {6}, 'difference': {7},
'between': {7}, 'stupidity': {7}, 'genius': {7}, 'that': {7}, 'has': {7}, 'its': {7}, 'limits': {7}}
>>>
>>> find_coexistance(d," the has")
[7]
>>> find_coexistance(d," the is ")
[3, 7]
1.3 Testing with gettysburg.txt file
Enter the name of the file: gettysburg.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: nation
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2 6 9 23
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: here dead
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
14 22
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: It is
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
10 17 19
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: 4you
Word '4you' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: Q
1.4 Testing with WarAndPiece.txt file
Enter the name of the file: WarAndPiece.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: hard life
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
33953 49922 60869
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: 2013
Word '2013' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: VIII
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
52 110 154 194 228 274 328 356 402 450 530 600 634 674 714 756 790
2079 8264 13577 17689 20153 23726 27877
30215 33840 38274 45012 51021 53356 55805 58145 61010 63871
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: black-eyed
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2682 49686 61292
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: black-eyed wide-mouthed
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2682
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: What's the good of denying it, my dear?
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2900
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: q
PART 2 STARTS ON THE NEXT PAGE
2 Part 2: Objects – 60 points
For this part, you are provided with 3 files: a6_part2_xxxxxx.py, a6_part2_testing_given.txt and
drawings_part2.pdf File a6_part2_xxxxxx.py already contains a class Point that we developed in class. For this part, you will
need to develop and add two more classes to a6_part2_xxxxxx.py: class Rectangle and class Canvas. To understand how they should be designed and how they should behave, you must study in detail the test
cases provided in a3_part2_testing_given.txt. These tests are your main resource in understanding what
methods your two classes should have and what their input parameters are. I will explain few methods
below in detail, but only those whose behavior may not be clear from the test cases.
As in Assignment 1 and Assignment 2, for part 2 of this assignment you will need to also submit your
own text file called a6_part2_testing_xxxxxx.txt demonstrating that you tested your two classes and their
methods (in particular, demonstrating that you tested them by running all the calls made in
a6_part2_testing_given.txt)
===========================================================
Details about the two classes:
===========================================================
Class Rectangle represents a 2D (axis-parallel) rectangle that a user can draw on a computer screen.
Think of a computer screen as a plane where each position has an x and a y coordinate.
The data (i.e. attributes) that each object of type Rectangle should have (and that should be initialized in
the constructor, i.e., __init__ method of the class Rectangle) are:
* two Points: the first point representing the bottom left corner of the rectangle and the second
representing the top right corner of the rectangle; and,
* the color of the rectangle
Note that the two points (bottom left and top right) completely determine (the axis parallel) rectangle and
its position in the plane. There is no default rectangle.
(see drawings_part2.pdf file for some helpful illustrations)
The __init__ method of Rectangle (that is called by the constructor Rectangle) will take two objects of
type Point as input and a string for the color). You may assume that the first Point (passed to the
constructor, i.e. __init__) will always have smaller than or equal x coordinate than the x coordinate of the
second Point and smaller than or equal y coordinate than the y coordinate of the second Point.
Class Rectangle should have 13 methods. In particular, in addition to the constructor (i.e. __init__
method) and three methods that override python's object methods (and make your class user friendly as
suggested by the test cases), your class should contain the following 9 methods:
get_bottom_left, get_top_right, get_color, reset_color, get_perimeter, get_area, move, intersects, and
contains.
Here is a description of three of those methods whose job may not be obvious from the test cases.
* Method move: given numbers dx and dy this method moves the calling rectangle by dx in the x
direction and by dy in the y-direction. This method should not change directly the coordinates of the two
corners of the calling rectangle, but must instead call move method from the Point class.
* Method intersects: returns True if the calling rectangle intersects the given rectangle and False
otherwise. Definition: two rectangles intersect if they have at least one point in common, otherwise they
do not intersect.
* Method contains: given an x and a y coordinate of a point, this method tests if that point is inside of the
calling rectangle. If yes it returns True and otherwise False. (A point on the boundary of the rectangle is
considered to be inside).
==========================================================================
Class Canvas represents a collection of Rectangles. It has 8 methods. In addition, to the constructor (i.e.
__init__ method) and two methods that override python's object methods (and make your class user
friendly as suggested by the test cases), your class should contain 5 more methods:
add_one_rectangle, count_same_color, total_perimeter, min_enclosing_rectangle, and common_point.
Here is a description of those methods whose job may not be obvious from the test cases.
* The method total_perimeter: returns the sum of the perimeters of all the rectangles in the calling canvas.
To compute total perimeter do not compute a perimeter of an individual rectangle in the body of
total_perimeter method. Instead use get_perimeter method from the Rectangle class.
* Method min_enclosing_rectangle: calculates the minimum enclosing rectangle that contains all the
rectangles in the calling canvas. It returns an object of type Rectangle of any color you prefer. To find
minimum enclosing rectangle you will need to find the minimum x coordinate of all rectangles, the
maximum x coordinate for all rectangles, the minimum y coordinate and the maximum y coordinate of all
rectangles.
* Method common_point: returns True if there exists a point that intersects all rectangles in the calling
canvas. To test this (for axis parallel rectangles like ours), it is enough to test if every pair of rectangles
intersects (according to a Helly’s theorem for axis-aligned rectangles:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helly's_theorem ).
***
Finally recall, from the beginning of the description of this assignment that each of your methods should
have a type contract.
Copyright information and warning: All textual content, videos and code in this assignment are
copyrighted by its creators (the professors in this course). You are forbidden to share any part of this
assignment in private or on internet; doing so will constitute an infringement of copyright and will be
treated as an academic violation and prosecuted as such. If any part of your assignment is found online or
shared with someone else at any time before, during, or after the assignment this will also be treated as an
academic violation.
Read the instructions below carefully. The instructions must be followed. This assignment is worth 7% of your
grade. The assignment is due on Monday 7 of December 8AM. No late assignment will be accepted.
This is an individual assignment. Please review the Plagiarism and Academic Integrity policy presented in
the first class.
In addition to the assignment files specified later, if you used any code that you did not create/write
yourself, your submission will need to contain declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt file. Specifically:
About declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt file:
It needs to be a plane text file and it must contain references to any code you used that you did not write
yourself, including any code you got from a friend, internet, social media/forums (including Stack
Overflow and discord) or any other source or person. The only exclusion from that rule is the following:
all the material on the Brightspace of the course, anything from your textbook, anything from python.org
and python’s help pages. So here is what needs to be written in that file. In every question where you used
code from somebody else, you must write:
1. question number
2. copy-pasted parts of the code that were written by somebody else. That includes the code you
found/were-given that you then slightly modified.
3. whose code it is: name of a person or place on internet/book where you found it.
While you may not get points for that part of the question, you will not be in position of being accused of
plagiarism.
Not including declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt will be taken as you declaring that all the code in the
assignment was written by you. Any student caught in plagiarism will receive zero for the whole
assignment and will be reported to the dean. Finally showing/giving any part of your assignment code to a
friend also constitute plagiarism and the same penalties will apply.
If you have nothing to declare, you do not need to submit the file declaration-YOUR-FULL-NAME.txt
The goal of this assignment is to learn and practice Sets, Dictionaries, and Objects.
This assignment has 2 parts, the first concerns Sets and Dictionaries and the second is about Objects.
Put all your documents into a folder called a6.xxxxxx, where you replace xxxxxx in the file name with
your student number, zip the folder and submit it in BRS. The folder should a6_part1_xxxxxx.py,
a6_part2_xxxxxx.py and a6_part2_testing_xxxxxx.txt where you changed xxxxxx to your student
number.
For part 1, I provided you with starter code in file called a6_part1_xxxxxx.py. Begin by replacing xxxxxx
in the file name with your student number. Then open the file. Your solution (code) for the assignment
must go into that file in the clearly indicated spaces.
The file has a part of the main pre-coded for you. It also has some functions completely pre-coded for
you. Your task will me to code the remaining functions. You are not allowed to delete or comment-out
any parts of the provided code. The only exception to that rule is the keyword pass. Some functions have
that keyword. You can remove it once you are done coding that function. You also must follow the
instructions given in comments and implied by docstrings. You are however allowed to add your own
additional (helper) functions. In, fact you must add at least THREE more function. If you are running out
of ideas here are the names of some of the extra functions my solution has: remove_punctuation(words),
process_lines(ls), make_dict(lsw), is_valid(D,query) is_word(word)
I have provided 5 text files to test and debug your code with as explained in the next section.
As always, you can make multiple submissions, but only the last submission before the deadline will be
graded.
As always, each of your programs must run without syntax errors. In particular, when grading your
assignment, TAs will first open your file a6_part1_xxxxxx.py with IDLE and press Run Module. The
same will be done with a6_part2_xxxxxx.py
If pressing Run Module causes any syntax error, the grade for that part becomes zero. Furthermore, for
each function whose code is missing, I have provided below one or more tests to test your functions with.
To obtain a partial mark for these function your solutions may not necessarily give the correct answer on
these tests. But if your function gives any kind of Python error when run on the tests provided, that
function will be marked with zero points. Finally, each function has to be documented with docstrings.
Using global variables inside of functions is not allowed.
1 Part 1: Sets and Dictionaries – 40 points
For this part, you will need to write a program that solves co-existence problem.
What is co-existence problem?
You will write a Python program to solve the co-existence problem. The co-existence problem is stated as
follows. We have a file containing English sentences, one sentence per line. Given a list of query words,
your program should output the line number of lines that have all those words. While there are many
ways to do this, the most efficient way is to use sets and dictionaries. Here is one example. Assume that
the following is the content of the file. Line numbers are included for clarity; the actual file doesn’t have
the line numbers.
1. Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value.
2. Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.
3. The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination.
4. We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
5. Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
6. You can’t blame gravity for falling in love.
7. The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.
(These are attributed to Albert Einstein. )
If we are asked to find all the lines that contain this set of words: {“true”, “knowledge”, “imagination”}
the answer will be line 3 because all three words appeared in line 3. If they appear in more than one line,
your program should report all of them. For example, co-existence of {“the”, “is”} will be lines 3 and 7.
IMPORTANT: You should download a text file version of book War and Piece from here:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/pg4p9snzv60rp5v/WarAndPiece.txt?dl=0
Download it and save it in the same directory as your program. You solution should be instantaneous on
that book, i.e. your program should produce the required dictionary in 1 or 2 seconds on that book and it
should answer questions about any co-existence instantaneously.
Alternatively, you can find the book on Gutenberg project. That is where I downloaded it from. You can
find it here under PlainS Text UTF-8: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2600
Python Implementation:
You need to implement the following functions:
1) open_file()
The open_file function will prompt the user for a file-name, and try to open that file. If the file exists, it
will return the file object; otherwise it will re-prompt until it can successfully open the file. This feature
must be implemented using a while loop, and a try-except clause.
2) read_file(fp) This function has one parameter: a file object (such as the one returned by the open_file()
function).
This function will read the contents of that file line by line, process them and store them in a dictionary.
The dictionary is returned. Consider the following string pre-processing:
1. Make everything lowercase
2. Split the line into words
3. Remove all punctuation, such as “,”, “.”, “!”, etc.
4. Remove apostrophes and hyphens, e.g. transform “can’t” into “cant” and “first-born” into “firstborn”
5. Remove the words that are not all alphabetic characters (do not remove “cant” because you have
transformed it to “cant”, similarly for “firstborn”).
6. Remove the words with less than 2 characters, like “a”
Hint for string pre-processing mentioned above:
To find punctuation for removal you can import the string module and use string.punctuation which has
all the punctuation.
To check for words with only alphabetic characters, use the isalpha() method. Furthermore, after preprocessing,
you add the words into a dictionary with the key being the word and the value is a set of line
numbers where this word has appeared.
For example, after processing the first line, your dictionary should look like:
{'try': {1}, 'not': {1}, 'to': {1}, 'become': {1}, 'man': {1},'of': {1}, 'success': {1}, 'but': {1}, 'rather': {1},
'value': {1}}
This should be repeated for all the lines; the new keys are added to the dictionary, and if a key already
exists, its value is updated. At the end of processing all these 7 lines, the value in the dictionary associated
with key ``the'' will be the set {3, 4, 7}. (Note: the line numbers start from 1.)
3) find_coexistance(D, query) The first parameter is the dictionary returned by read_file; the second one
is a string called query. This query contains zero or more words separated by white space. You need to
split them into a list of words, and find the line numbers for each word. To do that, use the intersection or
union operation on the sets from D (you need to figure out which operation is appropriate). Then convert
the resulting set to a sorted list, and return the sorted list. (Hint: for the first word simply grab the set from
D; for subsequent words you need to use the appropriate set operation: intersection or union.)
4) #main
The main part of the program should call the three functions above. Loop, prompting the user to enter
space-separated words. Use that input to find the co-occurrence and print the results. Continue prompting
for input until ``q'' or ''Q'' is inputted.
Very important considerations:
Every time you want to look up a key in a dictionary, first you need to make sure that the key exists.
Otherwise it will result in an error. So, always use an if statement before looking up a key:
if key in data_dict:
## the key exists in a dictionary, so it is safe to use data_dict[key]
After you completed the program, see how it works for the two files provided: einstein.txt, and
gettysburg.txt
1.1 Testing Part 1
1.2 Testing with einstein.txt file
Enter the name of the file: b.txt
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: grrrr
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: einstein.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: the
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: the is
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: true knowledge imagination
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: bla
Word 'bla' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: can't
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
6
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit:
Word ‘’ not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: ?
Word '' not in the file
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: a
Word 'a' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: nature
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: THE
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: tHe
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
3 4 7
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: q
More on test runs on file einstein.txt
Enter the name of the file:
(Vida: Instead of a file name PRESS CTRL-C)
Then:
>>> f=open_file()
Enter the name of the file: ah.txt
There is no file with that name. Try again.
Enter the name of the file: einstein.txt
>>> f
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='einstein.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
>>> d=read_file(f)
>>> d
{'try': {1}, 'not': {1, 3}, 'to': {1}, 'become': {1}, 'man': {1},'of':{1, 3, 5}, 'success': {1}, 'but': {1, 3},
'rather': {1}, 'value': {1}, 'look': {2}, 'deep': {2}, 'into': {2},'nature': {2}, 'and': {2, 7}, 'then': {2},
'you': {2, 6}, 'will': {2}, 'understand': {2}, 'everything': {2},'better': {2}, 'the': {3, 4, 7}, 'true': {3},
'sign': {3}, 'intelligence': {3}, 'is': {3, 7}, 'knowledge': {3},'imagination': {3}, 'we': {4}, 'cannot': {4},
'solve': {4}, 'our': {4}, 'problems': {4}, 'with': {4}, 'same': {4},'thinking': {4}, 'used': {4}, 'when': {4},
'created': {4}, 'them': {4}, 'weakness': {5}, 'attitude': {5},'becomes': {5}, 'character': {5}, 'cant': {6},
'blame': {6}, 'gravity': {6}, 'for': {6}, 'falling': {6}, 'in': {6},'love': {6}, 'difference': {7},
'between': {7}, 'stupidity': {7}, 'genius': {7}, 'that': {7}, 'has': {7}, 'its': {7}, 'limits': {7}}
>>>
>>> find_coexistance(d," the has")
[7]
>>> find_coexistance(d," the is ")
[3, 7]
1.3 Testing with gettysburg.txt file
Enter the name of the file: gettysburg.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: nation
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2 6 9 23
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: here dead
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
14 22
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: It is
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
10 17 19
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: 4you
Word '4you' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: Q
1.4 Testing with WarAndPiece.txt file
Enter the name of the file: WarAndPiece.txt
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: hard life
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
33953 49922 60869
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: 2013
Word '2013' not in the file.
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: VIII
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
52 110 154 194 228 274 328 356 402 450 530 600 634 674 714 756 790
2079 8264 13577 17689 20153 23726 27877
30215 33840 38274 45012 51021 53356 55805 58145 61010 63871
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: black-eyed
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2682 49686 61292
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: black-eyed wide-mouthed
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2682
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: What's the good of denying it, my dear?
The one or more words you entered coexisted in the following lines of the file:
2900
Enter one or more words separated by spaces, or 'q' to quit: q
PART 2 STARTS ON THE NEXT PAGE
2 Part 2: Objects – 60 points
For this part, you are provided with 3 files: a6_part2_xxxxxx.py, a6_part2_testing_given.txt and
drawings_part2.pdf File a6_part2_xxxxxx.py already contains a class Point that we developed in class. For this part, you will
need to develop and add two more classes to a6_part2_xxxxxx.py: class Rectangle and class Canvas. To understand how they should be designed and how they should behave, you must study in detail the test
cases provided in a3_part2_testing_given.txt. These tests are your main resource in understanding what
methods your two classes should have and what their input parameters are. I will explain few methods
below in detail, but only those whose behavior may not be clear from the test cases.
As in Assignment 1 and Assignment 2, for part 2 of this assignment you will need to also submit your
own text file called a6_part2_testing_xxxxxx.txt demonstrating that you tested your two classes and their
methods (in particular, demonstrating that you tested them by running all the calls made in
a6_part2_testing_given.txt)
===========================================================
Details about the two classes:
===========================================================
Class Rectangle represents a 2D (axis-parallel) rectangle that a user can draw on a computer screen.
Think of a computer screen as a plane where each position has an x and a y coordinate.
The data (i.e. attributes) that each object of type Rectangle should have (and that should be initialized in
the constructor, i.e., __init__ method of the class Rectangle) are:
* two Points: the first point representing the bottom left corner of the rectangle and the second
representing the top right corner of the rectangle; and,
* the color of the rectangle
Note that the two points (bottom left and top right) completely determine (the axis parallel) rectangle and
its position in the plane. There is no default rectangle.
(see drawings_part2.pdf file for some helpful illustrations)
The __init__ method of Rectangle (that is called by the constructor Rectangle) will take two objects of
type Point as input and a string for the color). You may assume that the first Point (passed to the
constructor, i.e. __init__) will always have smaller than or equal x coordinate than the x coordinate of the
second Point and smaller than or equal y coordinate than the y coordinate of the second Point.
Class Rectangle should have 13 methods. In particular, in addition to the constructor (i.e. __init__
method) and three methods that override python's object methods (and make your class user friendly as
suggested by the test cases), your class should contain the following 9 methods:
get_bottom_left, get_top_right, get_color, reset_color, get_perimeter, get_area, move, intersects, and
contains.
Here is a description of three of those methods whose job may not be obvious from the test cases.
* Method move: given numbers dx and dy this method moves the calling rectangle by dx in the x
direction and by dy in the y-direction. This method should not change directly the coordinates of the two
corners of the calling rectangle, but must instead call move method from the Point class.
* Method intersects: returns True if the calling rectangle intersects the given rectangle and False
otherwise. Definition: two rectangles intersect if they have at least one point in common, otherwise they
do not intersect.
* Method contains: given an x and a y coordinate of a point, this method tests if that point is inside of the
calling rectangle. If yes it returns True and otherwise False. (A point on the boundary of the rectangle is
considered to be inside).
==========================================================================
Class Canvas represents a collection of Rectangles. It has 8 methods. In addition, to the constructor (i.e.
__init__ method) and two methods that override python's object methods (and make your class user
friendly as suggested by the test cases), your class should contain 5 more methods:
add_one_rectangle, count_same_color, total_perimeter, min_enclosing_rectangle, and common_point.
Here is a description of those methods whose job may not be obvious from the test cases.
* The method total_perimeter: returns the sum of the perimeters of all the rectangles in the calling canvas.
To compute total perimeter do not compute a perimeter of an individual rectangle in the body of
total_perimeter method. Instead use get_perimeter method from the Rectangle class.
* Method min_enclosing_rectangle: calculates the minimum enclosing rectangle that contains all the
rectangles in the calling canvas. It returns an object of type Rectangle of any color you prefer. To find
minimum enclosing rectangle you will need to find the minimum x coordinate of all rectangles, the
maximum x coordinate for all rectangles, the minimum y coordinate and the maximum y coordinate of all
rectangles.
* Method common_point: returns True if there exists a point that intersects all rectangles in the calling
canvas. To test this (for axis parallel rectangles like ours), it is enough to test if every pair of rectangles
intersects (according to a Helly’s theorem for axis-aligned rectangles:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helly's_theorem ).
***
Finally recall, from the beginning of the description of this assignment that each of your methods should
have a type contract.